All ingredients comply with EU Regulation 1223/2009 and India CDSCO cosmetics regulations. No fragrance allergens above EU threshold, no parabens, no azo dyes. Calophyllum Inophyllum (Tamanu) Seed Oil: phototoxic potential has been noted in isolated calophyllolide studies, but cosmetic formulation concentrations are well below the threshold of concern as assessed by the SCCS. Steareth-21 is an ethoxylated emulsifier. Ethoxylation is a manufacturing process that can produce 1,4-dioxane as a by-product — a substance of regulatory concern. The manufacturer is required under EU GMP rules to test and confirm that 1,4-dioxane impurity levels are within acceptable limits. This is standard quality control practice across the industry, not unique to this ingredient, but it is worth knowing. Phenoxyethanol appears near the end of the list, confirming the preservative is well within the EU/India 1% permitted maximum.

The five ceramides — Ceramide 1 (EOS), 2 (NS), 3 (NP), 4 (EOH), and 6 II (AP) — cover all the key ceramide classes present in healthy skin. Each plays a different role in building the layered lipid structure of the stratum corneum. Ceramide 1 anchors the lamellar bodies; Ceramide 2 is the most abundant in healthy skin; Ceramide 3 regulates barrier permeability; Ceramide 6 II is specifically associated with barrier recovery after damage. The ceramide analog Cetyl-PG Hydroxyethyl Palmitamide integrates into this structure alongside Laminaria Digitata seaweed polysaccharide, which helps create the right environment for ceramide delivery. Chia Seed Oil is linoleic acid-dominant — this is important because linoleic acid deficiency is mechanistically linked to impaired barrier formation, and many common oils (including traditional Indian coconut and sesame) are oleic acid-dominant and do not correct this. Tamanu Oil's calophyllolide content brings anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. Saccharide Isomerate has clinical evidence for maintaining 72-hour water binding in the skin.

The ingredient list uses correct INCI nomenclature throughout and is verified on the brand website. The ceramide and peptide inclusions are genuine and positioned in the list in a way consistent with functional concentrations. The brand states a '2% Ceramide-Peptide' total but does not disclose how that 2% is distributed across the five ceramides and five peptides individually. Tamanu Oil's therapeutic benefits are referenced in brand communications but no product-specific clinical studies have been published. No clinical test data has been published for this formula.

Cruelty-free brand. No synthetic fragrance, no parabens. Steareth-21 is petrochemical-derived and produced through ethoxylation. Independent RSPO certification for Shea Butter and Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride (coconut/palm-derived) has not been confirmed. Sustainability details for Chia Seed Oil and Tamanu Oil sourcing are not disclosed.